Phytophthora is a group of fungal organisms that cause serious diseases in plants. These organisms can cause significant damage, particularly in agricultural fields and orchards.

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a widespread and highly contagious virus that can affect squash, cucumber, melon, cucurbits, tomatoes, peppers, and more than 800 other plant species.

Pseudomonas syringae is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes diseases in plants. This bacterium can cause significant economic losses in many agricultural crops.

Erwinia amylovora is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes extensive damage to fruit trees, particularly apples and pears.